A big issue is that this works for bots that announce themselves as such, but there’s lots that pretend to be regular users, with fake user agents and ips selected from a random pool with each ip only sending like 1-3 request/day, but overall many thousands of requests. In my experience a lot of them are from huawei and tencent cloud/ASN

I don’t actually know how nostr deals with messages if you’re offline, if at all, not that familiar with the protocol. But your idea sounds workable.

I tend to come at it from the other side, I like the federated model, but think the “supernodes” could behave more like dedicated relays. Like, a lemmy server right now does a lot of things, like serve a frontend, do expensive database queries to show a sorted feed, etc. and a lot of that does not scale very well. So having different kinds of nodes with more specialization, while still following a federated model makes sense to me. Right now if one of my users subscribes to some community, that community’s instance will start spamming my instance with updates nonstop, even though that user might not be active or might not even read that community anymore. It would be nicer if there was some kind of beefy instance I could request this data from if necessary, without getting each and every update even though 90% of it might never be viewed. But keeping individual instances that could have their own community and themes, or just be hosted for you and your friends to reduce the burden on non-techies having to self-host something.

Or put another way, instead of making the relays more instance-y, embrace the super instances and make them more relay-y, but tailor made for that job and still hostable by anyone, if they want to spend on the hardware. But I’m still not clear on where you’d draw the line/how exactly you’d split the responsibility. For lemmy, instead of sending 100’s of requests in parallel for each thing that happens, a super-instance could just consolidate all the events and send them as single big requests/batches to sub-instances and maybe that’s a good place to draw the line?

it’s iocaine not Locaine, tripped me up at first as well.

this article and the accompanying discussion from lobsters is very relevant. Though the article itself is a bit one sided in favor of nostr, it doesn’t do a great job arguing why a relay really is better

What you said is like “i’m going to delete linux and install ubuntu”, but then there’s not really a name for the android that comes with your phone. “stock android” probably is the closest term you get to distinguish between the OS family and the thing actually installed, but all the companies customize their android, so it’s not like there’s just one “stock android”.

i mean, I’m sure samsung has some term for their android, but i doubt anyone use this outside of samsung.

Pinta is my goto replacement for paint.net on linux. It also loads really fast and has most of the basic editing needs covered.

You mean for the referer part? Of course you don’t want it for all urls and there’s some legitimate cases. I have that on specific urls where it’s highly unlikely, not every url. E.g. a direct link to a single comment in lemmy, and whitelisting logged-in users. Plus a limit, like >3 times an hour before a ban. It’s already pretty unusual to bookmark a link to a single comment

It’s a pretty consistent bot pattern, they will go to some subsubpage with no referer with no prior traffic from that ip, and then no other traffic from that ip after that for a bit (since they cycle though ip’s on each request) but you will get a ton of these requests across all ips they use. It was one of the most common patterns i saw when i followed the logs for a while.

of course having some honeypot url in a hidden link or something gives more reliable results, if you can add such a link, but if you’re hosting some software that you can’t easily add that to, suspicious patterns like the one above can work really well in my experience. Just don’t enforce it right away, have it with the ‘dummy’ action in f2b for a while and double check.

And I mostly intended that as an example of seeing suspicious traffic in the logs and tailoring a rule to it. Doesn’t take very long and can be very effective.

This is the way. I also have rules for hits to url, without a referer, that should never be hit without a referer, with some threshold to account for a user hitting F5. Plus a whitelist of real users (ones that got a 200 on a login endpoint). Mostly the Huawei and Tencent crawlers have fake user agents and no referer. Another thing crawlers don’t do is caching. A user would never download that same .js file 100s of times in a hour, all their devices’ browsers would have cached it. There’s quite a lot of these kinds of patterns that can be used to block bots. Just takes watching the logs a bit to spot them.

Then there’s ratelimiting and banning ip’s that hit the ratelimit regularly. Use nginx as a reverse proxy, set rate limits for URLs where it makes sense, with some burst set, ban IPs that got rate-limited more than x times in the past y hours based on the rate limit message in the nginx error.log. Might need some fine tuning/tweaking to get the thresholds right but can catch some very spammy bots. Doesn’t help with those that just crawl from 100s of ips but only use each ip once every hour, though.

Ban based on the bot user agents, for those that set it. Sure, theoretically robots.txt should be the way to deal with that, for well behaved crawlers, but if it’s your homelab and you just don’t want any crawlers, might as well just block those in the firewall the first time you see them.

Downloading abuse ip lists nightly and banning those, that’s around 60k abusive ip’s gone. At that point you probably need to use nftables directly though instead of iptables or going through ufw, for the sets, as having 60k rules would be a bad idea.

there’s lists of all datacenter ip ranges out there, so you could block as well, though that’s a pretty nuclear option, so better make sure traffic you want is whitelisted. E.g. for lemmy, you can get a list of the ips of all other instances nightly, so you don’t accidentally block them. Lemmy traffic is very spammy…

there’s so much that can be done with f2b and a bit of scripting/writing filters

In a perfect world, yes.

In reality, i knew what i did and why i did it, two years ago, after which i never had to touch it again until now, and it takes me 2 hours of searching/fiddling until i remember that weird thing i did 2 years ago…

and it’s still totally worth it

Oh or e.g. random env vars in .profile that I’m sure where needed for nvidia on wayland at some point, no clue if they’re still necessary but i won’t touch them unless something breaks. and half of them were probably not neccessary to begin with, but trying all differen’t combinations is tedious…

Of course there are. But I mean, women’s hormones do affect mood during the menstrual cycle (my wife certainly says she’s more iritable before her period), and afaik the hormone therapy is some of the same hormones, so it didn’t seem far fetched at all to me that it could play a role. hence me asking.

but could as well have been some deep seated anger at the world or similar, or something in between. Mostly I was just trying to think of reasons for why she might not be as bad as she was seeming, benefit of the doubt kind of thing.

I used to work with a trans woman who was a huge bitch, at least some of the time. Like actually shouting at coworkers for tiny mistakes, all-caps shouting in company chat at people trying to help with stuff, thinking she’s the smartest person in any room, that kind of stuff.

i’ve always wondered if she’s just a bitch or if at least some of it could be a side effect of hormone therapy? I mean, completely changing the hormones for your body must have some pretty dramatic effects in many areas and might take a long time until your body adjusts.

but a definitely won’t just ask ‘yo. Are you just a huge bitch or is it your medication’ in a corporate setting.

[edit] just for clarity, she started transitioning about 1 month after she joined that team and I left after about a year and a half, in part because of the mood on the team going to shit, among other reasons. But so I couldn’t compare to pre-hormone therapy or anything like that.

[edit2] thank you for all the replies, this was really enlightening and answered a lot of questions! Especially on a topic i feel is discussed less often, or at least I haven’t come across.

Plus kids will find a way. Our english teacher didn’t want us to say ‘shit’, but to use ‘sugar’ instead.

There was a lot of ‘bullsugar’ and similar in that class.

After ther recent acqusition and firing of a lot of staff, it might not be the best alternative

Edit: article with more details can’t find a non paywalled version and not really any other pages that discuss the firing, just the acquisition

A proper (CNC) milling machine and lathe, like ones you can work hardened steel with. Lots of better things you could buy for that money, but with a mill and lathe i could make those things for even more money!

Edit: oh and a proper garage/hobby room to put them in

Techies interested in privacy and fairness is just another target/focus group to be marketed to…

But even given that every company sucks(eventually) and every ceo is an asshole. there’s something to be said about about spreading out and e.g. using proton over gmail and other google services.they might both suck, but at least if it’s spread out, there’s not one asshole ceo that controls all our stuff at once. You can’t vote with your wallet, but preventing monopolies (the natural end game of a free market) by supporting smaller alternatives can still be worthwile. Not that it solves the underlying issues, but i think it can at least slow the decay a bit.

Maybe email is a better comparison for federated stuff than phpbb? You wouldn’t tell someone to ‘just get an email adress’. You’d recommend a specific email provider.

Buddy Guy. the concert was pretty posh (think bankers in suits), with everyone having arranged seating, audience sitting still and quiet like at a classical music concert.

he was like ‘fuck this, this isn’t a proper concert, my guitar is wireless, let’s stand up, go to the entry hall and jam’. so he’s just standing in the middle of the crowd and going nuts, at like 83 years of age. That was amazing.

One problem with reporting private messages on Lermy is, as an admin i don’t see who sent the message. I only see who reported it. And i don’t have any actlon available, other than marking the report as handled.

with reported posts, i can ban the poster. With reported messages i’d have to ask the reporter who it was, trust their answer, search for the account manually and then i could ban. Not really efficient or fast if there ever was a spam wave.

of course sparmers could then just register a new account on a open instance and i might need to defederates which would lead to a fractured landscape of spammy open instances and likely inactive private instances.

there’s also not even rudimantary spam filtering in lemmy.

The main saving grace is that Lemmy is too small to attract a ton of spam yet.

maybe some of the above is just due my pick of clients (jerboa and the web interface), and there’s better tools? If so, i’d love to hear. But as things stand right now, there’s a lot to be desired

I used to believe that it merely moves jobs, but recently started having doubts. Given the increase in productivity in the past 50 years and the stagnating wages, it’s hard to still believe. I mean, sure people will get new jobs, but I doubt it’s with similar wages and benefits.

which is pretty self defeating as there will be no one left to buy the goods produced.

i have a venta lw45. same principle, but instead of a wick, it has these rotating disks that the water sticks to (with a little soap in the water). Works incredibly well, still uses next to no energy (<8W) and the disks are super easy to clean. It’s a beast, goes through 9 liters of water in a bit over a day. All the parts are easily accessible for maintenance and there’s replacement parts if anything ever were to break (though i havent needed those yet).

the disks are especially nice when you have hard water, the calcium can be a pain to remove from a wick, but you can put the venta plastic disks (and lower housing, if you can fit it) in the dishwasher to get them good as new. And calcium does not stick to them weld, so a quick rinse under a strong showerhead is usually enough to clean the disks. Definitely one of the best appliance purchases i ever made.