Unfourtunately, I couldn’t find a source stating it would be required. AFAIK it’s been assumed that they would use perceptual hashes, since that’s what various companies have been suggesting/presenting. Like Apple’s NeuralHash, which was reverse engineered. It’s also the only somewhat practical solution, since exact matches would be easily be circumvented by changing one pixel or mirroring the image.

Patrick Breyer’s page on Chat Control has a lot of general information about the EU’s proposal.

Matched using perceptual hash algorithms that have an accuracy between 20% and 40%.

Optical Character Recognition. Basically just extracting text from an image.

You can do this in VLC, though it’s not very practical. VLC’s equalizer has a preamp slider, it’s just not great if you want to change it all the time.

No problem, thanks for replying.

That makes sense. It looks like a really clever way of letting the boot process allow for basically any arangement. Thanks!

Thanks for explaining it! So systemd-boot finds the kernel in the EFI partition, which it then loads, and then that kernel loads another kernel from the main partition, which is then the full OS.

Is there a reason it’s done this way, and not just the bootloader loads the main kernel?

Also, are the two kernels the same, or does this use two different kernels?

If you use btrfs snapshots and systemd-boot instead of grub, then be carefull restoring updates from before a kernel update.

If I understand it correctly, with systemd-boot the kernel lives in the EFI partition, while the kernel modules live in the main (btrfs) partition. If you restore a snapshot with a different kernel version, it doesn’t restore the kernel itself, but the kernel modules have different filenames, which stops the system from being able to boot.

At least that is my understanding of the problem, from having to debug it twice (just start a live-boot system and use Timeshift to restore the system to after the update again). The next time I install Linux, I think I’ll go with grub instead of systemd-boot.

That being said, I really like btrfs snapshots as a sort of “almost backup” (still do regular backups on an external drive). They are quick and easy, and most packet managers can be setup to automatically make a snapshot before installing/updating stuff.

This is pretty cool, thanks.